Government sees a scrap shortage, while recyclers point to protectionism and price suppression.

Brian Taylor of Recycling Today writes about the latest scrap metal policies to be implemented and how they are seen as being restrictions on the free trade of scrap metal in South Africa that have included an export ban and currently involve a system described by a trade advisor as one that “forces metal recyclers to first offer their scrap to domestic consumers at a large discount before they can get a permit to export.”

In an early August 2021 an article posted to the website of Johannesburg-based Business Live, Donald MacKay of Centurion, South Africa-based XA International Trade Advisors says the system in place is “a double blow” for a scrap collection and processing sector that is “bearing the brunt” of the interference in the market.

The emergence of steel making plants and mini mills in South Africa has seen the demand for local scrap supply increase

McKay says the domestic favouritism policy is being championed by Ebrahim Patel, the country’s trade, industry and competition minister, who he says is trying to “resurrect” South Africa’s ferrous scrap-fed electric arc furnace (EAF) steel mini mill sector.

McKay writes that Patel recently extended by two years a price preference system (PPS) on scrap metal. Under this system, if a domestic consumer (mini mill or foundry) makes an offer at the PPS ferrous scrap price, the recycler must accept the offer.

While Patel seems to be protecting that nation’s steel and iron producers against a perceived shortage of ferrous scrap, McKay says in the meantime “recyclers must sell at a discount locally and at a discount when they export.” He continues, “This cost is borne by waste pickers, arguably one of the worst jobs in the country. These 300 000 poor people will get paid even less for their scrap so the shareholders of the 10 mini mills can benefit, an obscene transfer of wealth from the poor to the rich.”

The extension of PPS does not apply only to ferrous scrap, writes McKay, but also to non-ferrous scrap largely disconnected from the needs of EAF mills or iron foundries.

The founder and director of XA International Trade Advisors concludes, “It is not clear at all how the recycling sector will remain profitable. The industry will concentrate and competition will disappear. It will happen quickly. Lower value scrap will not be collected, with all the economic value having been sucked out of the system. That cheaper scrap will end up in landfills, creating yet more problems. And a few oligarchs will emerge, which I think might be the plan.”